More often than not the designation of an object as an Out of Place Artifact is due to either our own arrogance or lack of knowledge. For example, many of these artifacts are simply designated so because we either don’t know how they were made or what they represent and so it is assumed that people more advanced than ourselves must have placed them there. Alternatively, they are so designated as we do not know enough to accurately place them into current systems of classification. The most common outlook with regard these odd objects is simply a willful disregard for scientific analysis opting instead for semi-mythological origins.

Some artifacts commonly referred to as OOPArt

• Chinese seals in Ireland
• Iron Pillar in Delhi
• Undersea “city” in Japan
• Helicopter Hieroglyphs
• Pre-Incan Plane
• Cocaine Mummies
• Baghdad Batteries
• Pre-columbian wheels in America
• Crystal Skull
• and many more…

Bonus Section

Click here for an OOPArt in early film. A mobile phone in a Charlie Chaplin movie.

Bibliography
In Search of Ancient Mysteries, A&S Landsburg, Corgi, 1974

Original content created by: The Inquisition

The Albatross mid-test-flight at Drysden Air Centre

The Gossamer Albatross might well be the coolest bicycle ever. Aside from having a name that could be confused with being an exclusive, designer condom, this bike was a plane. Pedalled by Bryan Allen in 1979, it flew 23 miles across the English Channel to Boulogne. Thirty years later, it is still an amazing feat.

It wasn’t the first human powered flight. That honour went to Gabriel Poulin, in 1921, when he won 10,000-franc Prix Peugeot, the first prize for human powered flight at Longchamps racecourse. Another notable mention here would be MIT’s Daedalus which came very close to flying from Crete to Santorini in 1988. Much like its Grecian namesake it met a watery demise.

The cold, hard facts: 34ft long and 16ft high, it had a wingspan of 98ft. The wing area was 488ft². Its empty weight was 70lbs, and its maximum measured speed was 18mph. But who cares? Its a flying bicycle.

The Albatross was created by Dr Paul MacCready, whose company, AeroVironment, is the market leader in researching clean energy solutions for sustainable flight and transportation. Mc Cready went on to produce a solar powered variant, the Penguin, which flew from Paris to the UK in 1981. These days MacCready may be best known for his unmanned solar aircraft produced for Nasa – the Pathfinder series. These have raised the possibility of infinite flight as their batteries can retain sufficient charge to fly through the night.

Nasa's solar-powered Pathfinder series, developed by MacCready.

Variants 1: Human-powered Helicopters

These must be one of the singularly most unimpressive areas of human endeavour. The physics are just too unfeasible to make such flight worth it. As with all boffin-baited challenges, this does not stop people trying.

Although the Sikorsky Prize has not yet been awarded the California Polytechnic State University Da Vinci III, flew for 7.1 seconds and reached a height of 20 cm in 1989. The prize will be awarded to the first entry to reach an altitude of 3 meters (10 feet) during a flight lasting at least 60 seconds, while remaining in an area 10 meters square (36 feet square); so you can see it is completely pointless.

MIT's Daedalus Humna-powered aircraft

Variants 2; Others

There are, or have been a bunch of others:

• Poulin’s Avietta
• AERSP 404H
• Bossi-Bonomi Pedaliante
• DUT Icarus 001
• Gossamer Condor (The Albatross’ Precursor)
• MIT Daedalus
• PSU Zephyrus

Bonus Material

Paul MacCready talks at TED

Bibliography
Fiddlers Green – lightweight aviation enthusiasts
AeroVironment
AeroVironment NASA page on the Albatross
NASA page on Daedalus
Royal Aeronautic Society

Original content created by: The Inquisition

]]> http://theinquisition.eu/wordpress/2009/history/human-powered-flight/feed/ 0